T-cells are a subset of lymphocytes that play a large role in the immune response. The TCR (T-cell receptor) is a complex of integral membrane proteins that participate in the activation of T-cells in response to an antigen. Stimulation of TCR is triggered by MHC (major histocompatibility complex) molecules on cells with the antigen. Engagement of the TCR initiates positive and negative cascades that ultimately result in cellular proliferation, differentiation, cytokine production, and/or activation-induced cell death. These signaling cascades regulate T-cell development, homeostasis, activation, acquisition of effector’s functions and apoptosis [1, 2]. Thermo Scientific™ has a wide range of products to help with TCR research. MHC TCR is composed of six different chains that form the TCR heterodimer responsible for ligand recognition. CD3 molecules are assembled together with the TCR heterodimer. CD3 possess a characteristic sequence motif for tyrosine phosphorylation, known as ITAMs (immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs). The TCR polypeptides themselves have very short cytoplasmic tails, and all proximal signaling events are mediated through the CD3 molecules.
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May 2018
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